Biosci. Bioeng. Commun. | Volume 04, Issue 01, 152-161 | https://doi.org/10.18801/bbc.040122.18.
Article type: Research article, Article received: 19.07.2022; Revised: 09.09.2022; First published online: 30 September 2022.
Article type: Research article, Article received: 19.07.2022; Revised: 09.09.2022; First published online: 30 September 2022.
Antioxidative and animal model-based pharmacological properties evaluation of leaves of Trema cannabina Lour.
Vikash Kumar Shah 1,2 and Md. Anisur Rahman 2
1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
2 Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh.
✉ Corresponding author: vs2815@cumc.columbia.edu.
1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
2 Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh.
✉ Corresponding author: vs2815@cumc.columbia.edu.
Abstract
Medicinal plants are of great importance since they exert beneficial pharmacological effects. In this study, phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of Trema (T.) cannabina Lour (family Cannabaceae) revealed the presence of carbohydrate, alkaloids, steroid, tannin and absence of gum, saponins, glycosides. Herein, a series of investigations were conducted with the extract to confirm the antioxidative, analgesic, antidiarrhoeal, and antimicrobial properties. T. cannabina extract showed antioxidant activity, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It displayed free radical scavenging activity in the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay (IC50 = ≈201 µg/mL) which is comparable to that of ascorbic acid (IC50 = ≈13 µg/mL), a well-known standard antioxidant. Further, 250 and 500 mg/kg of the extract exhibited 28.95% (p=0.07) and 40.79% (p<0.02) inhibition of writhing reflex, respectively compared to the standard drug diclofenac (25 mg/kg, inhibition of writhing reflex 69.74%) in mice. In addition, we found significantly reduced number of stools with the extract at these doses (p<0.001) compared to the standard drug loperamide (3 mg/kg, p<0.001) in the castor oil-induced diarrhoeal mice. Interestingly, the extract (500µg/disc) suggested credible antibacterial properties against the bacterial strains; Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio cholera and no activity against Escherichia coli, Shigella boydii, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Proteus mirabilis. For the comparison of antimicrobial properties, standard antibiotic discs of Kanamycin were used. Collectively, the obtained results provide compelling evidence for the role of T. cannabina in exerting antioxidant, analagesic, antidiarrhoeal, and antimicrobial effects, which rationale the use of this plant in traditional medicine. However, further investigations are required to confirm these effects at molecular level.
Key Words: Trema cannabina Lour, Antioxidant, Analgesic, Antidiarrhoeal, Antimicrobial
Medicinal plants are of great importance since they exert beneficial pharmacological effects. In this study, phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of Trema (T.) cannabina Lour (family Cannabaceae) revealed the presence of carbohydrate, alkaloids, steroid, tannin and absence of gum, saponins, glycosides. Herein, a series of investigations were conducted with the extract to confirm the antioxidative, analgesic, antidiarrhoeal, and antimicrobial properties. T. cannabina extract showed antioxidant activity, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It displayed free radical scavenging activity in the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay (IC50 = ≈201 µg/mL) which is comparable to that of ascorbic acid (IC50 = ≈13 µg/mL), a well-known standard antioxidant. Further, 250 and 500 mg/kg of the extract exhibited 28.95% (p=0.07) and 40.79% (p<0.02) inhibition of writhing reflex, respectively compared to the standard drug diclofenac (25 mg/kg, inhibition of writhing reflex 69.74%) in mice. In addition, we found significantly reduced number of stools with the extract at these doses (p<0.001) compared to the standard drug loperamide (3 mg/kg, p<0.001) in the castor oil-induced diarrhoeal mice. Interestingly, the extract (500µg/disc) suggested credible antibacterial properties against the bacterial strains; Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio cholera and no activity against Escherichia coli, Shigella boydii, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Proteus mirabilis. For the comparison of antimicrobial properties, standard antibiotic discs of Kanamycin were used. Collectively, the obtained results provide compelling evidence for the role of T. cannabina in exerting antioxidant, analagesic, antidiarrhoeal, and antimicrobial effects, which rationale the use of this plant in traditional medicine. However, further investigations are required to confirm these effects at molecular level.
Key Words: Trema cannabina Lour, Antioxidant, Analgesic, Antidiarrhoeal, Antimicrobial
Article Full-Text PDF
| 18.04.01.2022_antioxidative_and_animal_model-based_pharmacological_properties_evaluation_of_leaves_of_trema_cannabina_lour.pdf |
|
Share This Article
|
|
Article Citations
MLA
Shah, V. K. and Rahman, M. A. “Antioxidative and animal model-based pharmacological properties evaluation of leaves of Trema cannabina Lour”. Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, 04(01), (2022): 152-161.
APA
Shah, V. K. and Rahman, M. A. (2022). Antioxidative and animal model-based pharmacological properties evaluation of leaves of Trema cannabina Lour. Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, 04(01), 152-161.
Chicago
Shah, V. K. and Rahman, M. A. “Antioxidative and animal model-based pharmacological properties evaluation of leaves of Trema cannabina Lour”. Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, 04(01), (2022): 152-161.
Harvard
Shah, V. K. and Rahman, M. A. 2022. Antioxidative and animal model-based pharmacological properties evaluation of leaves of Trema cannabina Lour. Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, 04(01), pp. 152-161.
Vancouver
Shah, VK and Rahman, MA. Antioxidative and animal model-based pharmacological properties evaluation of leaves of Trema cannabina Lour. Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, 2022 September, 04(01): 152-161.
Shah, V. K. and Rahman, M. A. “Antioxidative and animal model-based pharmacological properties evaluation of leaves of Trema cannabina Lour”. Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, 04(01), (2022): 152-161.
APA
Shah, V. K. and Rahman, M. A. (2022). Antioxidative and animal model-based pharmacological properties evaluation of leaves of Trema cannabina Lour. Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, 04(01), 152-161.
Chicago
Shah, V. K. and Rahman, M. A. “Antioxidative and animal model-based pharmacological properties evaluation of leaves of Trema cannabina Lour”. Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, 04(01), (2022): 152-161.
Harvard
Shah, V. K. and Rahman, M. A. 2022. Antioxidative and animal model-based pharmacological properties evaluation of leaves of Trema cannabina Lour. Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, 04(01), pp. 152-161.
Vancouver
Shah, VK and Rahman, MA. Antioxidative and animal model-based pharmacological properties evaluation of leaves of Trema cannabina Lour. Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, 2022 September, 04(01): 152-161.
References
- Adzu, B. Amos, S. Kapu, S. and Gamaniel, K. (2003). Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of Sphaeranthus senegalensis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 84(2-3), 169-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00295-7
- Ahmed, F. Das, P. Islam, M. A. Rahman, K. Rahman, M. and Selim, M. (2003). Antibacterial activity of Cordyline terminalis. Kunth. leaves. The Journal of Medical Sciences, 3(5-6), 418-422. https://doi.org/10.3923/jms.2003.418.422
- Balouiri, M. Sadiki, M. and Ibnsouda S. K. (2016). Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 6(2), 71-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2015.11.005
- Bhatt, I. Rawat, S. and Rawal, R. (2012). Antioxidants in medicinal plants In: Chandra S, Lata H, Varma T, editors. Biotechnology for medicinal plants, Berlin Heidelberg: Springer‑Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29974-2_13
- Coventry, D. Trinick, M. and Appleby, C. (1976). A search for a leghaemoglobin-like compound in root nodules of Trema cannabina lour. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Protein Structure, 420(1), 105-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2795(76)90349-4
- Glasnapp, D. R. and Poggio, J. P. (1985). Essentials of statistical analysis for the behavioral sciences, CE Merrill Publishing Company.
- Hossain, H. Jahan, I. A. Islam, H. S. Kanti, D. S. Arpona, H. and Arif, A. (2013). Phytochemical Screening and Anti-nociceptive Properties of the Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Trema Cannabina Lour. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 3(1), 103-108.
- Hossain, T. Barman, A. K. Karmakar, U. K. Bokshi, B. Dev, S. and Biswas, N. N. (2017). Phytochemical and Pharmacological Evaluation of Leaves of Averrhoa carambola Linn. (Family: Oxalidaceae). Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, 3(1), 144-151.
- Jahan, N. Monira, S. Orna, S. K. and Hossain, A. (2022). Phytochemical and Pharmacological Evaluation of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Piper methysticum. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal, 25(1), 73-79. https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57843
- Jahan, T. Kundu, P. Sultana, T. Saha, L. Chakraborty, A. Islam, M. A. and Sadhu, S. K (2021). Phytochemical investigation and assessment of pharmacological properties of leaves of Duabanga grandiflora. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 9, 25-32.
- Kedare, S. B. and Singh, R. P. (2011). Genesis and development of DPPH method of antioxidant assay. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 48(4), 412-422. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-011-0251-1
- Kirtikar, K. and Basu, B. (1935). Indian medicinal plants. Indian Medicinal Plants.
- Mohan, S. K. and Priya, v. (2009). Lipid peroxidation, glutathione, ascorbic acid, vitamin E, antioxidant enzyme and serum homocysteine status in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Biology and Medicine, 1(3), 44-49.
- Na, S. S. Chong, M. S. Woo, J. H. Kwon, Y. O. Lee, M. K. and Oh, K. W. (2015). Poria cocos ethanol extract and its active constituent, pachymic acid, modulate sleep architectures via activation of GABAA-ergic transmission in rats. Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research, 16(3), 84-92. https://doi.org/10.12729/jbr.2015.16.3.084
- Noungoué Tchamo, D. Cartier, G. Dijoux-Franca, M. G. Tsamo, E. and Mariotte, A. M. (2001). Xanthones and other constituents of Trema orientalis. Pharmaceutical biology, 39(3), 202-205. https://doi.org/10.1076/phbi.39.3.202.5930
- Reddy, B. S. Rao, N. R. Vijeepallam, K. and Pandy, V. (2017). Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Biological Profiles of Tragia Species (Family: Euphorbiaceae). African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 14(3), 105-112. https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i3.11
- Sadhu, S. K. Okuyama, E. Fujimoto, H. and Ishibashi, M. (2003). Separation of Leucas aspera, a medicinal plant of Bangladesh, guided by prostaglandin inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (Tokyo), 51(5), 595-598. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.51.595
- Sánchez‐Moreno, C. Larrauri, J. A. and Saura‐Calixto, F. (1998). A procedure to measure the antiradical efficiency of polyphenols. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 76(2), 270-276. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199802)76:2<270::AID-JSFA945>3.0.CO;2-9
- Schmeltz, L. and Metzger, B. (2007). Therapeutic Areas I: Central Nervous System, Pain, Metabolic Syndrome, Urology, Gastrointestinal and Cardiovascular. Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry II. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
- Shah, V. K. Choi, J. J. Han, J. Y. Lee, M. K. Hong, J. T. and Oh, K. W. (2014). Pachymic Acid Enhances Pentobarbital-Induced Sleeping Behaviors via GABAA-ergic Systems in Mice. Biomolecules & Therapeutics, 22(4), 314-320. https://doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2014.045
- Shang, X. Miao, X. Yang, F. Li, B. Guo, X. Pan, H. Zhang, Y. and Zhang, J. (2018). The Anti-diarrheal Activity of the Non-toxic Dihuang Powder in Mice. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 9, 1037. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.01037
- Sofowora, A. Ogunbodede, E. and Onayade, A. (2013). The role and place of medicinal plants in the strategies for disease prevention. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 10(5), 210-229. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v10i5.2
- Uddin, S. N. Akond, M. Mubassara, S. and Yesmin, M. N. (2008). Antioxidant and Antibacterial activities of Trema cannabina. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 3(2), 105-108.
- Wang, S. Zhao, Y. Zhang, J. Huang, X. Wang, Y. Xu, X. Zheng, B. Zhou, X. Tian, H. and Liu, L. (2015). Antidiarrheal effect of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. (Zingiberaceae) in experimental mice and its possible mechanism of action. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 168, 182-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.066
- Xue, Y. Zhang, S. Du, M. and Zhu, M. J. (2017). Dandelion extract suppresses reactive oxidative species and inflammasome in intestinal epithelial cells. Journal of Functional Foods, 29, 10-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2016.11.032
© 2022 The Authors. This article is freely available for anyone to read, share, download, print, permitted for unrestricted use and build upon, provided that the original author(s) and publisher are given due credit. All Published articles are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Bioscience and Bioengineering Communications, EISSN 2414-1453.