International Journal of Forestry, Ecology & Environment
Volume 01 - Issue 01 | Year of Publication: 2020
Article Type: Research Article | No. 01, 2020 | Country: Algeria | pp. 01-09 | Open Access
Title: Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria
Authors: Kada Bencherif
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.010120.01
Title: Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria
Authors: Kada Bencherif
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.010120.01
Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria
Abstract
The Mediterranean forest landscape will undergo the effects of the climatic warming tendency and forest structures of oak groves in the national park of Tlemcen (North-west of Algeria) are exposed to impervious changes. Thus, the favorable dynamics for zen oak and oxycedar juniper compared respectively with cork and holm oaks would be the beginnings of a specific substitution and an ecological and structural modification. Without neglecting the protecting and defending measures, sylviculture based on the species ecology and their dynamism could be a solution if it is led in uneven-aged and mixed stands, the structure that proved real advantages as for the protection of biodiversity and the resilience against fire and pathology risks.
Key Words: Oaks, Global warming, Mediterranean and Forest management
Abstract
The Mediterranean forest landscape will undergo the effects of the climatic warming tendency and forest structures of oak groves in the national park of Tlemcen (North-west of Algeria) are exposed to impervious changes. Thus, the favorable dynamics for zen oak and oxycedar juniper compared respectively with cork and holm oaks would be the beginnings of a specific substitution and an ecological and structural modification. Without neglecting the protecting and defending measures, sylviculture based on the species ecology and their dynamism could be a solution if it is led in uneven-aged and mixed stands, the structure that proved real advantages as for the protection of biodiversity and the resilience against fire and pathology risks.
Key Words: Oaks, Global warming, Mediterranean and Forest management
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE?
MLA
Bencherif, K. “Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria.” International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 01(01) (2020): 01-09.
APA
Bencherif, K (2020). Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), 01-09.
Chicago
Bencherif, K. “Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria.” International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 01(01) (2020):01-09.
Harvard
Bencherif, K. 2020. Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), pp. 01-09.
Vancouver
Bencherif, K. Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment. 2020 April 01(01):01-09.
MLA
Bencherif, K. “Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria.” International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 01(01) (2020): 01-09.
APA
Bencherif, K (2020). Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), 01-09.
Chicago
Bencherif, K. “Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria.” International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 01(01) (2020):01-09.
Harvard
Bencherif, K. 2020. Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), pp. 01-09.
Vancouver
Bencherif, K. Ecological response to the climate change of the main forest species in the region of Tlemcen-Algeria. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment. 2020 April 01(01):01-09.
Article Type: Research Article | No. 02, 2020 | Country: Bangladesh | pp. 10-20 | Open Access
Title: Diversity of underutilized fruits and their uses in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh
Authors: Md. Rishad Abdullah, Md. Eakramul Haque, AKM Golam Sarwar, Md. Ashrafuzzaman, and Md. Mustafizur Rahman
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.010120.02
Title: Diversity of underutilized fruits and their uses in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh
Authors: Md. Rishad Abdullah, Md. Eakramul Haque, AKM Golam Sarwar, Md. Ashrafuzzaman, and Md. Mustafizur Rahman
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.010120.02
Diversity of underutilized fruits and their uses in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh
Abstract
Underutilized fruits were important sources of food for humankind, before the dawn of civilization. These fruits play a vital role in the supplement of nutrition of marginal people. To determine the diversity of underutilized fruits both cultivated and wild, a field survey was conducted from May 2015 to May 2016 using a semi-structured questionnaire in the Karnaphuli range of Kaptai reserve forest, Rangmati, Bangladesh. A total of 40 households (more than 50% population) in two enclaves of the locality were surveyed. Plant species were preserved in herbarium sheet and were brought to the laboratory for identification consulting monograph and Taxonomist. The local inhabitants used a total of thirty one species underutilized fruits from twenty four genera and seventeen families. Of these, eighty percent was grown in wild and only nine percent of fruits were cultivated. Most of the fruits come from Euphorbiaceae (12%) followed by Rutaceae (9%), Moraceae (9%), Myrtaceae (9%), Anacardiaceae (9%), Oxalidaceae (6%), Flacourtiaceae (6%) and Ebenaceae (6%). Considering the conservation status, 9% vulnerable (VU), 3% endangered (EN), 3% not evaluated (NE) and 83% fruits were least concern (LC). Among the species, Diospyros rammiflora of Ebenaceae was endangered (EN), Haematocarpus validus of Menispermaceae, Mangifera sylvatica of Anacardiaceae, Xerospermum laevigatum of Sapindaceae family were vulnerable (VU) and rarely found in wild. These fruits are taken as fruits, vegetables, preparing pickles and also used for ethnomedicinal purposes. Preferences ranking indicates that Tamarindus indica is the common and favorite fruits among the local inhabitants. They also indicate that earliest step should be taken to conserve these threatened species. Such information is essential for the conservation of those underutilized fruits (especially those grown in the wild) to safeguard them for future generations and to avoid their genetic erosion.
Key Words: Underutilized fruits, Diversity, Conservation, Karnaphuli range and Bangladesh
Abstract
Underutilized fruits were important sources of food for humankind, before the dawn of civilization. These fruits play a vital role in the supplement of nutrition of marginal people. To determine the diversity of underutilized fruits both cultivated and wild, a field survey was conducted from May 2015 to May 2016 using a semi-structured questionnaire in the Karnaphuli range of Kaptai reserve forest, Rangmati, Bangladesh. A total of 40 households (more than 50% population) in two enclaves of the locality were surveyed. Plant species were preserved in herbarium sheet and were brought to the laboratory for identification consulting monograph and Taxonomist. The local inhabitants used a total of thirty one species underutilized fruits from twenty four genera and seventeen families. Of these, eighty percent was grown in wild and only nine percent of fruits were cultivated. Most of the fruits come from Euphorbiaceae (12%) followed by Rutaceae (9%), Moraceae (9%), Myrtaceae (9%), Anacardiaceae (9%), Oxalidaceae (6%), Flacourtiaceae (6%) and Ebenaceae (6%). Considering the conservation status, 9% vulnerable (VU), 3% endangered (EN), 3% not evaluated (NE) and 83% fruits were least concern (LC). Among the species, Diospyros rammiflora of Ebenaceae was endangered (EN), Haematocarpus validus of Menispermaceae, Mangifera sylvatica of Anacardiaceae, Xerospermum laevigatum of Sapindaceae family were vulnerable (VU) and rarely found in wild. These fruits are taken as fruits, vegetables, preparing pickles and also used for ethnomedicinal purposes. Preferences ranking indicates that Tamarindus indica is the common and favorite fruits among the local inhabitants. They also indicate that earliest step should be taken to conserve these threatened species. Such information is essential for the conservation of those underutilized fruits (especially those grown in the wild) to safeguard them for future generations and to avoid their genetic erosion.
Key Words: Underutilized fruits, Diversity, Conservation, Karnaphuli range and Bangladesh
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE?
MLA
Abdullah, M. R. et al. “Underutilized fruits and their diversity in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), (2020):10-20.
APA
Abdullah, M. R., Haque, M. E., Sarwar, A. K. M. G., Ashrafuzzaman, M. and Rahman, M. M. (2020). Underutilized fruits and their diversity in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), 10-20.
Chicago
Abdullah, M. R., Haque, M. E., Sarwar, A. K. M. G., Ashrafuzzaman, M. and Rahman, M. M. “Underutilized fruits and their diversity in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), (2020):10-20.
Harvard
Abdullah, M. R., Haque, M. E., Sarwar, A. K. M. G., Ashrafuzzaman, M. and Rahman, M. M. 2020. Underutilized fruits and their diversity in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), pp.10-20.
Vancouver
Abdullah, MR, Haque, ME, Sarwar, AKMG, Ashrafuzzaman, M and Rahman, MM. Underutilized fruits and their diversity in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 2020 April 01(01): 10-20.
MLA
Abdullah, M. R. et al. “Underutilized fruits and their diversity in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), (2020):10-20.
APA
Abdullah, M. R., Haque, M. E., Sarwar, A. K. M. G., Ashrafuzzaman, M. and Rahman, M. M. (2020). Underutilized fruits and their diversity in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), 10-20.
Chicago
Abdullah, M. R., Haque, M. E., Sarwar, A. K. M. G., Ashrafuzzaman, M. and Rahman, M. M. “Underutilized fruits and their diversity in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), (2020):10-20.
Harvard
Abdullah, M. R., Haque, M. E., Sarwar, A. K. M. G., Ashrafuzzaman, M. and Rahman, M. M. 2020. Underutilized fruits and their diversity in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), pp.10-20.
Vancouver
Abdullah, MR, Haque, ME, Sarwar, AKMG, Ashrafuzzaman, M and Rahman, MM. Underutilized fruits and their diversity in Karnaphuli range, Rangamati, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 2020 April 01(01): 10-20.
Article Type: Research Article | No. 03, 2020 | Country: Sri Lanka | pp. 21-27 | Open Access
Title: Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka
Authors: Ahalya Arulnayagam
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.010120.03
Title: Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka
Authors: Ahalya Arulnayagam
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.010120.03
Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka
Abstract
Sri Lanka, a precious little tropical island in the Indian Ocean harbors a remarkable amount of mangrove habitats scattered along the coastal zone of the country, yet confined to narrow strips since the country has low tidal amplitude. However, most of the researches has given importance to the mangroves of the wet zone of the country. Although neglected, Northern Province shares about 16% of the total mangrove extent of the country. The research aimed to identify the floral distribution of mangroves in Sangupiddy of the Northern Province, Sri Lanka. Mangrove vegetation was surveyed with 5m belt transects laid perpendicular to the shoreline and across the water – land gradient. True mangrove species in each transect were identified and counted. The quantitative data has been used to compute the Shannon diversity index (H), Simpson Index (D) and Shannon Evenness (E), which were used to compare the diversity of the sites, sampled. Two true mangrove species of two families were identified at the site. Highest Shannon diversity index (H = 0.27) and the lowest Simpson index value (D = 0.72) was observed in 2nd transect. Since the place is used for fishing and tourism, pollution and human interaction can degrade the environmental quality of the mangrove habitats. Actions should be taken for conservation of existing patch and replenishment of new mangroves.
Key Words: Mangroves, Diversity, Zonation, Pollution and Replenishment
Abstract
Sri Lanka, a precious little tropical island in the Indian Ocean harbors a remarkable amount of mangrove habitats scattered along the coastal zone of the country, yet confined to narrow strips since the country has low tidal amplitude. However, most of the researches has given importance to the mangroves of the wet zone of the country. Although neglected, Northern Province shares about 16% of the total mangrove extent of the country. The research aimed to identify the floral distribution of mangroves in Sangupiddy of the Northern Province, Sri Lanka. Mangrove vegetation was surveyed with 5m belt transects laid perpendicular to the shoreline and across the water – land gradient. True mangrove species in each transect were identified and counted. The quantitative data has been used to compute the Shannon diversity index (H), Simpson Index (D) and Shannon Evenness (E), which were used to compare the diversity of the sites, sampled. Two true mangrove species of two families were identified at the site. Highest Shannon diversity index (H = 0.27) and the lowest Simpson index value (D = 0.72) was observed in 2nd transect. Since the place is used for fishing and tourism, pollution and human interaction can degrade the environmental quality of the mangrove habitats. Actions should be taken for conservation of existing patch and replenishment of new mangroves.
Key Words: Mangroves, Diversity, Zonation, Pollution and Replenishment
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE?
MLA
Arulnayagam, A. “Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01) (2020): 21-27.
APA
Arulnayagam, A. (2020). Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), 21-27.
Chicago
Arulnayagam, A. (2020). “Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01): 21-27.
Harvard
Arulnayagam, A. 2020. Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), pp. 21-27.
Vancouver
Arulnayagam, A. Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 2020 April. 01(01): 21-27.
MLA
Arulnayagam, A. “Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01) (2020): 21-27.
APA
Arulnayagam, A. (2020). Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), 21-27.
Chicago
Arulnayagam, A. (2020). “Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01): 21-27.
Harvard
Arulnayagam, A. 2020. Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(01), pp. 21-27.
Vancouver
Arulnayagam, A. Floral distribution, abundance and diversity of mangroves in Sangupiddy, Kilinochchi, the northern coast of Sri Lanka. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 2020 April. 01(01): 21-27.
Volume 01 - Issue 02 | Year of Publication: 2020
Article Type: Research Article | No. 04, 2020 | Country: Bangladesh | pp. 28-34 | Open Access
Title: Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh
Authors: Md. Rishad Abdullah, Munshi Mamunur Rahman, Md. Abu Hemayet and Md. Abdul Jalil
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.010220.04
Title: Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh
Authors: Md. Rishad Abdullah, Munshi Mamunur Rahman, Md. Abu Hemayet and Md. Abdul Jalil
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.010220.04
Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh
Abstract
Minor fruit species play a vital role in crop diversification and the agroforestry system in hilly areas. It is also considered as a source of food and nutrition and contributes to the income of tribal people. This fruit species face deforestation and genetic erosion due to many reasons. The study was conducted to know the diversity of minor fruit species in two rural tribal villages in Sadar Upazila, Khagrachari during the periods of July, 2018 to April, 2019. All the species identified occur sparingly in the two study areas. A total of twenty five fruit species belonging to twenty genera and fifteen families were found to be consumed by the native inhabitants. Of these, eighty eight percent was grown in wild and only four percent was cultivated. Syzygium and Artocarpus were the top contributing genus (3 species each) followed by Terminalia (2 species) and the rest genus were single species each. Top contributing families were Anacardiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae and Myrtaceae (3 species each) followed by Compretaceae (2 species) and rest of family contribute with single species. Considering the conservation status twelve percent vulnerable (VU), four percent Near threatened (NT), four percent not evaluated (NE) and eighty percent species were least concern (LC). Among the species Haematocarpus validus (VU) of Compretaceae, Terminalia chebula (VU) of Compretaceae, Mangifera sylvatica (VU) of Anacardiaceae, rarely found in wild. Due to climate change, the level of poverty, and environmental degradation, there is a high risk of biodiversity loss on a large scale. Hence, research attention is needed to increase awareness of the use and management of wild edible fruits for their conservation.
Key Words: Diversity, Minor fruit, Tribal communities and Khagrachari
Abstract
Minor fruit species play a vital role in crop diversification and the agroforestry system in hilly areas. It is also considered as a source of food and nutrition and contributes to the income of tribal people. This fruit species face deforestation and genetic erosion due to many reasons. The study was conducted to know the diversity of minor fruit species in two rural tribal villages in Sadar Upazila, Khagrachari during the periods of July, 2018 to April, 2019. All the species identified occur sparingly in the two study areas. A total of twenty five fruit species belonging to twenty genera and fifteen families were found to be consumed by the native inhabitants. Of these, eighty eight percent was grown in wild and only four percent was cultivated. Syzygium and Artocarpus were the top contributing genus (3 species each) followed by Terminalia (2 species) and the rest genus were single species each. Top contributing families were Anacardiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae and Myrtaceae (3 species each) followed by Compretaceae (2 species) and rest of family contribute with single species. Considering the conservation status twelve percent vulnerable (VU), four percent Near threatened (NT), four percent not evaluated (NE) and eighty percent species were least concern (LC). Among the species Haematocarpus validus (VU) of Compretaceae, Terminalia chebula (VU) of Compretaceae, Mangifera sylvatica (VU) of Anacardiaceae, rarely found in wild. Due to climate change, the level of poverty, and environmental degradation, there is a high risk of biodiversity loss on a large scale. Hence, research attention is needed to increase awareness of the use and management of wild edible fruits for their conservation.
Key Words: Diversity, Minor fruit, Tribal communities and Khagrachari
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE?
MLA
Abdullah, M. R. et al. “Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), (2020): 28-34.
APA
Abdullah, M. R., Rahman, M. M., Hemayet, M. A. and Jalil, M. A. (2020). Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), 28-34.
Chicago
Abdullah, M. R., Rahman, M. M., Hemayet, M. A.and Jalil, M. A. “Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), (2020): 28-34.
Harvard
Abdullah, M. R., Rahman, M. M., Hemayet, M. A. and Jalil, M. A. 2020. Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), pp. 28-34.
Vancouver
Abdullah, MR, Rahman, MM, Hemayet, MA and Jalil, MA. Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 2020 May 01(02), 28-34.
MLA
Abdullah, M. R. et al. “Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), (2020): 28-34.
APA
Abdullah, M. R., Rahman, M. M., Hemayet, M. A. and Jalil, M. A. (2020). Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), 28-34.
Chicago
Abdullah, M. R., Rahman, M. M., Hemayet, M. A.and Jalil, M. A. “Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), (2020): 28-34.
Harvard
Abdullah, M. R., Rahman, M. M., Hemayet, M. A. and Jalil, M. A. 2020. Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), pp. 28-34.
Vancouver
Abdullah, MR, Rahman, MM, Hemayet, MA and Jalil, MA. Diversity of minor fruit species in two tribal communities of Sadar upazila, Khagrachari, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 2020 May 01(02), 28-34.
Article Type: Research Article | No. 05, 2020 | Country: Nigeria| pp. 35-47 | Open Access
Title: Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria
Authors: Omijeh, J. E.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.010220.05
Title: Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria
Authors: Omijeh, J. E.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.010220.05
Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria
Abstract
Bagale forest reserve is a valuable ecological resource constituted in December, 1954. Over the years, this ecosystem has been vulnerable to various forms of anthropogenic activities which no doubt had deleterious effects on the forest structure and species composition. Evaluation of variations in species composition and forest structure in Bagale Forest Reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria was carried out among five fragments, Tudun wada (<200m), Holin (200-300m), Modire (300-400m), Lugga (400-500m) and Wurodole (>500m) above sea level, each with three quadrats measuring 100m by 100m which were randomly sampled along altitudinal gradients using a GPS. Microsoft Excel software was used in data computations. 312 individuals were inventoried, taxonomically classified and grouped into 45 trees out of which Vitellaria paradoxa, Lannea kerstingii, Terminalia glaucescens, Afzelia africana, Tamarindus indica, Annona senegalensis, Detarium microcarpum and Daniella oliverii had Importance value indices of 9.5, 8.6, 9.0, 6.0, 5.1, 5.3, 4.6 and 4.8 respectively. Growth parameters varied among the fragments on the altitude. maximum and minimum heights (m) of (21.3, 23.0, 22.1, 21.0, 23.2), (4.8, 8.9, 5.7, 4.3, 5.1), were recorded in Tudun wada (<200m), Holin (200-300m), Modire (300-400m), Lugga (400-500m) and Wurodole (>500m) above sea level respectively. Variations in tree species composition and growth parameters could be attributed to the magnitude of anthropogenic activities especially at the lower altitudes probably due to accessibility. Conservation efforts should be intensified through capacity building and extension activities to preserve the trees and forestall extinction.
Key Words: Bagale, Growth Parameters, Altitude, Gradient, Variations and Fragment
Abstract
Bagale forest reserve is a valuable ecological resource constituted in December, 1954. Over the years, this ecosystem has been vulnerable to various forms of anthropogenic activities which no doubt had deleterious effects on the forest structure and species composition. Evaluation of variations in species composition and forest structure in Bagale Forest Reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria was carried out among five fragments, Tudun wada (<200m), Holin (200-300m), Modire (300-400m), Lugga (400-500m) and Wurodole (>500m) above sea level, each with three quadrats measuring 100m by 100m which were randomly sampled along altitudinal gradients using a GPS. Microsoft Excel software was used in data computations. 312 individuals were inventoried, taxonomically classified and grouped into 45 trees out of which Vitellaria paradoxa, Lannea kerstingii, Terminalia glaucescens, Afzelia africana, Tamarindus indica, Annona senegalensis, Detarium microcarpum and Daniella oliverii had Importance value indices of 9.5, 8.6, 9.0, 6.0, 5.1, 5.3, 4.6 and 4.8 respectively. Growth parameters varied among the fragments on the altitude. maximum and minimum heights (m) of (21.3, 23.0, 22.1, 21.0, 23.2), (4.8, 8.9, 5.7, 4.3, 5.1), were recorded in Tudun wada (<200m), Holin (200-300m), Modire (300-400m), Lugga (400-500m) and Wurodole (>500m) above sea level respectively. Variations in tree species composition and growth parameters could be attributed to the magnitude of anthropogenic activities especially at the lower altitudes probably due to accessibility. Conservation efforts should be intensified through capacity building and extension activities to preserve the trees and forestall extinction.
Key Words: Bagale, Growth Parameters, Altitude, Gradient, Variations and Fragment
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE?
MLA
Omijeh, J. E. “Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria.” International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 01(02) (2020): 35-47.
APA
Omijeh, J. E. (2020). Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), 35-47.
Chicago
Omijeh, J. E. “Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria.” International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 01(02) (2020): 35-47.
5
Harvard
Omijeh, J. E. 2020. Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), pp. 35-47.
Vancouver
Omijeh, J. E. Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria. 2020 May 01(02): 35-47.
MLA
Omijeh, J. E. “Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria.” International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 01(02) (2020): 35-47.
APA
Omijeh, J. E. (2020). Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), 35-47.
Chicago
Omijeh, J. E. “Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria.” International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 01(02) (2020): 35-47.
5
Harvard
Omijeh, J. E. 2020. Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 01(02), pp. 35-47.
Vancouver
Omijeh, J. E. Variations in species composition and forest structure among fragments along altitudinal gradients of Bagale forest reserve, Adamawa state, Nigeria. 2020 May 01(02): 35-47.