Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research |
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RESEARCH ARTICLE:
Efficacy of plant extracts against the tree hole breeding mosquitoes
Arif Mehmood (1*), Zafar Iqbal (2), Noor Fatima (2) and Muhammad Sajid Qureshi (1)
1Dept. of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan. *Phone: +923347607801
2Dept. of Entomology, PirMehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
J. bios. agric. res. | Volume 13, Issue 02, pp. 1130-1139 | Available online: 14 May 2017.
Crossref: https://doi.org/10.18801/jbar.130217.138
Efficacy of plant extracts against the tree hole breeding mosquitoes
Arif Mehmood (1*), Zafar Iqbal (2), Noor Fatima (2) and Muhammad Sajid Qureshi (1)
1Dept. of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan. *Phone: +923347607801
2Dept. of Entomology, PirMehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
J. bios. agric. res. | Volume 13, Issue 02, pp. 1130-1139 | Available online: 14 May 2017.
Crossref: https://doi.org/10.18801/jbar.130217.138
FULL TEXT PDF:
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Title: Efficacy of plant extracts against the tree hole breeding mosquitoes
Abstract: Mosquitoes are the vector of many serious diseases of human. They belong to order Diptera, super family is Culicidae and subfamilies are Culicinae, Anophilinae and Toxorhincitinae. Adult male feed on nectar while female on blood except the members of family Toxorhrincitinae. Females are in a habit of laying eggs near water, in water or onto the water. This water may be present in tires, ponds, polythene bags, tree holes, earthen pots and different catchment areas. Tree holes become filled with water, after it rains. Some of this vaporizes while the left over becomes a good place for mosquitoes to lay eggs. Mostly Aedes spp. lay their eggs in tree hole standing water. These tree holes are the habitat of many other immature of insects, which are later on consumed by the larvae of mosquitoes. The larvae were collected from here with pipette and transferred to the lab for rearing and experimentation. Different chemical insecticides are in use for controlling mosquitoes, but there are many side effects with chemical use like resurgence and resistance in pest, mammalian toxicity and non-specific killing action. Soft twigs, leaves, seeds and fruit peel were taken from different medicinal plants, including Citrus reticulate, Citrus maxima, Calotropis gigantis, Citrus limetta, Jasminum officinale, Gardania augusta, Nicotiana tabacum, Citrullus colocynthis, Mentha piperata for the preparation of extracts through soxhlet apparatus, which were then applied on 3rd and 4th larval instars of mosquitoes and efficiency of extracts was recorded in term of percentage mortality and LC 50. The highest mortality percentage mortality (100%) was given by Citrus limetta, Citrullus colocynthes and Citrus reticulate extracts. The lowest LC 50 (207.182 ppm) was shown by Mentha piperata extract.These results indicate that it is better and effective to control mosquitoes by using botanicals instead of chemicals.
Key Words: Botanicals, Larvicide, Biopesticide, Mosquitoes, LC 50 and Percentage mortality
Abstract: Mosquitoes are the vector of many serious diseases of human. They belong to order Diptera, super family is Culicidae and subfamilies are Culicinae, Anophilinae and Toxorhincitinae. Adult male feed on nectar while female on blood except the members of family Toxorhrincitinae. Females are in a habit of laying eggs near water, in water or onto the water. This water may be present in tires, ponds, polythene bags, tree holes, earthen pots and different catchment areas. Tree holes become filled with water, after it rains. Some of this vaporizes while the left over becomes a good place for mosquitoes to lay eggs. Mostly Aedes spp. lay their eggs in tree hole standing water. These tree holes are the habitat of many other immature of insects, which are later on consumed by the larvae of mosquitoes. The larvae were collected from here with pipette and transferred to the lab for rearing and experimentation. Different chemical insecticides are in use for controlling mosquitoes, but there are many side effects with chemical use like resurgence and resistance in pest, mammalian toxicity and non-specific killing action. Soft twigs, leaves, seeds and fruit peel were taken from different medicinal plants, including Citrus reticulate, Citrus maxima, Calotropis gigantis, Citrus limetta, Jasminum officinale, Gardania augusta, Nicotiana tabacum, Citrullus colocynthis, Mentha piperata for the preparation of extracts through soxhlet apparatus, which were then applied on 3rd and 4th larval instars of mosquitoes and efficiency of extracts was recorded in term of percentage mortality and LC 50. The highest mortality percentage mortality (100%) was given by Citrus limetta, Citrullus colocynthes and Citrus reticulate extracts. The lowest LC 50 (207.182 ppm) was shown by Mentha piperata extract.These results indicate that it is better and effective to control mosquitoes by using botanicals instead of chemicals.
Key Words: Botanicals, Larvicide, Biopesticide, Mosquitoes, LC 50 and Percentage mortality
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE?
APA (American Psychological Association)
Mehmood, A., Iqbal, Z., Fatima, N. and Qureshi, M. S. (2017). Efficacy of plant extracts against the tree hole breeding mosquitoes. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research,13(02), 1130-1139.
MLA (Modern Language Association)
Mehmood, A., Iqbal, Z., Fatima, N. and Qureshi, M. S. “Efficacy of plant extracts against the tree hole breeding mosquitoes”. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 13.02(2017), 1130-1139.
Chicago and orTurabian
Mehmood, A., Iqbal, Z., Fatima, N. and Qureshi, M. S. “Efficacy of plant extracts against the tree hole breeding mosquitoes”. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 13. no. 02(2017), 1130-1139.
APA (American Psychological Association)
Mehmood, A., Iqbal, Z., Fatima, N. and Qureshi, M. S. (2017). Efficacy of plant extracts against the tree hole breeding mosquitoes. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research,13(02), 1130-1139.
MLA (Modern Language Association)
Mehmood, A., Iqbal, Z., Fatima, N. and Qureshi, M. S. “Efficacy of plant extracts against the tree hole breeding mosquitoes”. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 13.02(2017), 1130-1139.
Chicago and orTurabian
Mehmood, A., Iqbal, Z., Fatima, N. and Qureshi, M. S. “Efficacy of plant extracts against the tree hole breeding mosquitoes”. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 13. no. 02(2017), 1130-1139.
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