J. Biosci. Agric. Res. | Volume 24, Issue 01, 1977-1989 | https://doi.org/10.18801/jbar.240120.242
Article type: Research article | Received: 07.12.19; Revised: 26.03.20; First published online: 15 April 2020.
Article type: Research article | Received: 07.12.19; Revised: 26.03.20; First published online: 15 April 2020.
Reduced stomatal conductance and irradiance account for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield decline in maize-soybean intercrop
Louis Hortensius Mwamlima 1, 2, Erick Kimutai Cheruiyot 1 and Josephine Pamela Ouma 1
1 Dept. of Crops, Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Njoro, Kenya.
2 Mkondezi Research Station, P.O. Box 133, Nkhata Bay, Malawi.
✉ Corresponding author: [email protected] (Mwamlima, L. H.).
1 Dept. of Crops, Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Njoro, Kenya.
2 Mkondezi Research Station, P.O. Box 133, Nkhata Bay, Malawi.
✉ Corresponding author: [email protected] (Mwamlima, L. H.).
Abstract
An increase in human population and urbanization has reduced availability of agricultural land making intercropping a system of choice amongst farmers with small land holdings. A study to determine the effect of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] and maize (Zea mays) intercropping on the interception of photosynthetically active radiation, stomatal conductance and yield of soybean was conducted in Siaya, Busia and Nakuru counties in Kenya during 2018 season. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and had three replicates. It had seven treatments; sole maize, sole soybean, within row intercropping, 1M:1S row pattern, 2M: 2S row pattern, 2M: 1S row pattern, and 1M:2S row pattern. Collected data were analyzed using analysis variance (ANOVA) using the linear mixed model for RCBD with a factorial treatment arrangement in the Genstat 18th edition. Soybean leaf chlorophyll content under intercropping was 21.16% more than chlorophyll content attained under sole cropping. Intercropping reduced soybean stomatal conductance, interception of photosynthetically active radiation and grain yield by 42.15, 78.88 and 83.85% respectively, compared to mono-cropping. Intercropping of maize and soybean was more productive than sole cropping and that maize was a more competitive crop than soybean in the mixture. Planting maize and soybean in 1M: 1S row pattern led to relatively higher soybean yields compared to other row patterns and is recommended for intercropping of the two crops in Kenya.
Key Words: Intercropping, Nodulation, Photosynthesis, Row pattern and Sole cropping.
An increase in human population and urbanization has reduced availability of agricultural land making intercropping a system of choice amongst farmers with small land holdings. A study to determine the effect of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] and maize (Zea mays) intercropping on the interception of photosynthetically active radiation, stomatal conductance and yield of soybean was conducted in Siaya, Busia and Nakuru counties in Kenya during 2018 season. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and had three replicates. It had seven treatments; sole maize, sole soybean, within row intercropping, 1M:1S row pattern, 2M: 2S row pattern, 2M: 1S row pattern, and 1M:2S row pattern. Collected data were analyzed using analysis variance (ANOVA) using the linear mixed model for RCBD with a factorial treatment arrangement in the Genstat 18th edition. Soybean leaf chlorophyll content under intercropping was 21.16% more than chlorophyll content attained under sole cropping. Intercropping reduced soybean stomatal conductance, interception of photosynthetically active radiation and grain yield by 42.15, 78.88 and 83.85% respectively, compared to mono-cropping. Intercropping of maize and soybean was more productive than sole cropping and that maize was a more competitive crop than soybean in the mixture. Planting maize and soybean in 1M: 1S row pattern led to relatively higher soybean yields compared to other row patterns and is recommended for intercropping of the two crops in Kenya.
Key Words: Intercropping, Nodulation, Photosynthesis, Row pattern and Sole cropping.
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MLA
Mwamlima et al. “Reduced stomatal conductance and irradiance account for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield decline in maize-soybean intercrop.” Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 24(01) (2020): 1977-1989.
APA
Mwamlima, L. H., Cheruiyot, E. K. and Ouma, J. P. (2020). Reduced stomatal conductance and irradiance account for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield decline in maize-soybean intercrop. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 24(01), 1977-1989.
Chicago
Mwamlima, L. H., Cheruiyot, E. K. and Ouma, J. P. “Reduced stomatal conductance and irradiance account for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield decline in maize-soybean intercrop.” Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 24(01) (2020): 1977-1989.
Harvard
Mwamlima, L. H., Cheruiyot, E. K. and Ouma, J. P. 2020. Reduced stomatal conductance and irradiance account for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield decline in maize-soybean intercrop. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 24(01), pp. 1977-1989.
Vancouver
Mwamlima LH., Cheruiyot EK. and Ouma, JP. Reduced stomatal conductance and irradiance account for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield decline in maize-soybean intercrop. 2020 April 24(01): 1977-1989.
Mwamlima et al. “Reduced stomatal conductance and irradiance account for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield decline in maize-soybean intercrop.” Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 24(01) (2020): 1977-1989.
APA
Mwamlima, L. H., Cheruiyot, E. K. and Ouma, J. P. (2020). Reduced stomatal conductance and irradiance account for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield decline in maize-soybean intercrop. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 24(01), 1977-1989.
Chicago
Mwamlima, L. H., Cheruiyot, E. K. and Ouma, J. P. “Reduced stomatal conductance and irradiance account for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield decline in maize-soybean intercrop.” Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 24(01) (2020): 1977-1989.
Harvard
Mwamlima, L. H., Cheruiyot, E. K. and Ouma, J. P. 2020. Reduced stomatal conductance and irradiance account for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield decline in maize-soybean intercrop. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 24(01), pp. 1977-1989.
Vancouver
Mwamlima LH., Cheruiyot EK. and Ouma, JP. Reduced stomatal conductance and irradiance account for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield decline in maize-soybean intercrop. 2020 April 24(01): 1977-1989.
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