Int. J. Fores. Env. | Volume 06, Issue 01, 224-234 | https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.060122.25
Article type: Research article | Received: 22.09.22; Revised: 03.11.22; First published online: 25 December, 2022.
Article type: Research article | Received: 22.09.22; Revised: 03.11.22; First published online: 25 December, 2022.
Weeds diversity in T. aman rice field under high Ganges river floodplain, Bangladesh
Sirajam Monira 1, Md. Imran Ali 2, Md. Shafiqul Islam 1, Farhana Zaman 1, Uttam Kumer Sarker 1, Mahfuza Begum 1 and Md. Romij Uddin 1
1 Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.
2 Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, Bangladesh
✉ Corresponding author: [email protected] (Monira, S).
1 Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.
2 Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka, Bangladesh
✉ Corresponding author: [email protected] (Monira, S).
Abstract
To identify the predominant weed flora composition and severity of the prevailing weed flora, surveys were conducted in Jashore from July to December 2021 in T. aman rice fields. Ten fields were randomly selected from each of the three upazila such as Jhikargacha, Monirampur and Keshabpur. The quantitative surveying technique employing a 0.25 m2 quadrate and 16 samples (excluding canals, pits, and field edge) per each field was considered for the survey following zig-zag pattern. Sampling was done, while the age of rice plants were 65 days. The weed species were identified and the frequency, field uniformity, density and relative abundance value were estimated for each species. A total of 46 weeds belonging to 20 families were identified, comprising 25 annuals and 21 perennials; 11 grasses, seven sedges, 27 broadleaves and one fern. The result showed that Poaceae was the top most dominant family contributing 11 weeds, while Cyperaceae ranked second with seven weeds. Based on relative abundance (RA) value, the top 10 most abundant weed species in descending order were Echinochloa crus-galli (34.41), Fimbristylis miliacea (22.14), Echinochloa colonum (16.56), Monochoria vaginalis (16.04), Eleocharisatro purpurea (12.96), Lindernia hysopioides (12.59), Ludwigia hyssopifolia (12.09), Digitaria sanguinalis (11.05), Lindernia antipoda (10.44) and Cyperus difformis (9.88). According to RA value, annual weeds (RA value: 138) were more dominant over perennials (RA value: 162). Moreover, broadleaves had a higher abundance value (150.3) than grasses (93.6) and sedges (56.1). Hence, the management strategies should be designed based on the latest results rather than any countrywide blanket recommendation.
Key Words: Field uniformity, Frequency, Relative abundance, Survey, Weed control efficiency and Weed diversity.
To identify the predominant weed flora composition and severity of the prevailing weed flora, surveys were conducted in Jashore from July to December 2021 in T. aman rice fields. Ten fields were randomly selected from each of the three upazila such as Jhikargacha, Monirampur and Keshabpur. The quantitative surveying technique employing a 0.25 m2 quadrate and 16 samples (excluding canals, pits, and field edge) per each field was considered for the survey following zig-zag pattern. Sampling was done, while the age of rice plants were 65 days. The weed species were identified and the frequency, field uniformity, density and relative abundance value were estimated for each species. A total of 46 weeds belonging to 20 families were identified, comprising 25 annuals and 21 perennials; 11 grasses, seven sedges, 27 broadleaves and one fern. The result showed that Poaceae was the top most dominant family contributing 11 weeds, while Cyperaceae ranked second with seven weeds. Based on relative abundance (RA) value, the top 10 most abundant weed species in descending order were Echinochloa crus-galli (34.41), Fimbristylis miliacea (22.14), Echinochloa colonum (16.56), Monochoria vaginalis (16.04), Eleocharisatro purpurea (12.96), Lindernia hysopioides (12.59), Ludwigia hyssopifolia (12.09), Digitaria sanguinalis (11.05), Lindernia antipoda (10.44) and Cyperus difformis (9.88). According to RA value, annual weeds (RA value: 138) were more dominant over perennials (RA value: 162). Moreover, broadleaves had a higher abundance value (150.3) than grasses (93.6) and sedges (56.1). Hence, the management strategies should be designed based on the latest results rather than any countrywide blanket recommendation.
Key Words: Field uniformity, Frequency, Relative abundance, Survey, Weed control efficiency and Weed diversity.
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MLA
Monira, S. et al. “Weeds diversity in T. aman rice field under High Ganges River Floodplain, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 06(01) (2022): 224-234.
APA
Monira, S., Ali, M. I., Islam, M. S., Zaman, F., Sarker, U. K., Begum, M. and Uddin, M. R. (2022). Weeds diversity in T. aman rice field under High Ganges River Floodplain, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 06(01), 224-234.
Chicago
Monira, S., Ali, M. I., Islam, M. S., Zaman, F., Sarker, U. K., Begum, M. and Uddin, M. R. “Weeds diversity in T. aman rice field under High Ganges River Floodplain, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 06(01) (2022): 224-234.
Harvard
Monira, S., Ali, M. I., Islam, M. S., Zaman, F., Sarker, U. K., Begum, M. and Uddin, M. R. 2022. Weeds diversity in T. aman rice field under High Ganges River Floodplain, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 06(01), pp. 224-234.
Vancouver
Monira, S, Ali, MI, Islam, MS, Zaman, F, Sarker, UK, Begum, M and Uddin, MR. Weeds diversity in T. aman rice field under High Ganges River Floodplain, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment. 2022 December 06(01): 224-234.
Monira, S. et al. “Weeds diversity in T. aman rice field under High Ganges River Floodplain, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 06(01) (2022): 224-234.
APA
Monira, S., Ali, M. I., Islam, M. S., Zaman, F., Sarker, U. K., Begum, M. and Uddin, M. R. (2022). Weeds diversity in T. aman rice field under High Ganges River Floodplain, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 06(01), 224-234.
Chicago
Monira, S., Ali, M. I., Islam, M. S., Zaman, F., Sarker, U. K., Begum, M. and Uddin, M. R. “Weeds diversity in T. aman rice field under High Ganges River Floodplain, Bangladesh”. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment 06(01) (2022): 224-234.
Harvard
Monira, S., Ali, M. I., Islam, M. S., Zaman, F., Sarker, U. K., Begum, M. and Uddin, M. R. 2022. Weeds diversity in T. aman rice field under High Ganges River Floodplain, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment, 06(01), pp. 224-234.
Vancouver
Monira, S, Ali, MI, Islam, MS, Zaman, F, Sarker, UK, Begum, M and Uddin, MR. Weeds diversity in T. aman rice field under High Ganges River Floodplain, Bangladesh. International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment. 2022 December 06(01): 224-234.
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[13]. Dass, A., Shekhawat, K., Choudhary, A. K., Sepat, S., Rathore, S. S., Mahajan, G. and Chauhan, B. S. (2016). Weed management in rice using crop competition. Crop Protection, 95, 45-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2016.08.005
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[19]. Hakim, M. A., Juraimi, A. S., Ismail, M. R., Hanafi, M. M. and Selamat, A. (2013). A survey on weed diversity in Coastal rice fields of Sebarang Perak in Peninsular Malaysia. Journal Animal Plant Science, 23, 534-542.
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[21]. Holm, L. G., Plucknett, D. L., Pancho, J. V. and Herberger, J. P. (1977). The world’s worst weeds. University Press of Hawaii, Honolulu. p. 609.
[22]. Jabran, K. and Chauhan, B. S. (2015). Weed management in aerobic rice systems. Crop Protection, 78, 151-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.09.005
[23]. Kandibane, M., Raguraman, S. and Mahadevan, N. R. (2007). Diversity and community structure of aquatic arthropods in an irrigated rice ecosystem of Tamil Nadu, India. Asian Journal Plant Science, 6, 741-748. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2007.741.748
[24]. Karim, S. M. R., Azmi, B. M. and Ismail, B. S. (2004). Weed problems and their management in rice fields of Malaysia: An overview. Weed Biology and Management, 4, 177–186. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-6664.2004.00136.x
[25]. Korres, N. E., Varanasi V. K., Gitsopoulos T. K. and Bararpour M. T. (2017). Climate Change Effects on Rice, Weeds and Weed Management. In: Weed Management in Rice in the Asian-Pacific Region, Rao, A.N. and H. Matsumoto (Eds.). Asian Pacific Weed Science Society, India, pp., 42-72
[26]. Kraehmer, H., Jabran, K., Mennan, H. and Chauhan, B. S. (2016). Global distribution of rice weeds. Crop Protection, 80, 73-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.10.027
[27]. Lal, B., Gautam, P. and Raja, R. (2014). Weed community composition after 43 years of long-term fertilization in tropical rice-rice system. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environmental, 197, 301-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.014
[28]. Lass, L. W. and Callhan, R. H. (1993). GPS and GIS for weed survey and management. Weed Technology, 7(1), 249-254. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0890037X00037222
[29]. Matloob, A., Khaliq, A., Tanveer, A., Hussain, S. and Aslam, F. (2015). Weed dynamics as influenced by tillage system, sowing time and weed competition duration in dry-seeded rice. Crop Protection, 71, 25-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.01.009
[30]. Mohammaddoust-Chamanabad, H. R. (2011). Introduction to scientific and practical principle of weed control. Ardabil, IR: The Ardabil University Jihad Publications.
[31]. Moody, K. (1982). The status of weed control in rice in Asia. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin, 30, 119-123.
[32]. Oerke, E. C. (2006). Crop losses to pests: centenary review. Journal of Agricultural Science, 144, 31–43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859605005708
[33]. Poggio, S. L., Sattorre, E. H. and Fuente, E. B. (2004). Structure of weed communities occurring in Pea and Wheat crops in the rolling pampa (Argentina). Agriculture Ecosystem Environmental, 103, 225-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2003.09.015
[34]. Rao, A. N. and Moody, K. (1988). Weed control in rice seedling nurseries. Crop Protection 7, 202–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-2194(88)90071-3
[35]. Rao, A. N., Johnson D. E., Sivaprasad B., Ladha J. K. and Mortimer, A. M. (2007). Weed management in direct-seeded rice. Advance Agronomy, 93, 153-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(06)93004-1
[36]. Thomas, A. G. (1985). Weed survey system used in Saskatchewan for cereal and oilseed crops. Weed Science, 33, 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043174500083892
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[39]. Tshewang, S., Sindel, B. M., Ghimiray, M. and Chauhan, B. S. (2016). Weed management challenges in rice (Oryza sativa L.) for food security in Bhutan. Crop Protection, 90, 117-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2016.08.031
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[2]. Ahmadvand, G. (2005). Weed flora of irrigated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Fields in Hamadan. 1th Iranian Weed Science Congress, pp. 561-563, Tehran, Iran.
[3]. Algandaby, M. M. and Salama, M. (2018). Management of the noxious weed; Medicago polymorpha L. via allelopathy of some medicinal plants from Taif region, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal Biological Science, 25 (7), 1339-1347.
[4]. Awan, T. H., Cru, P. C. and Chauhan, B. S. (2015). Growth analysis biomass partitioning of Cyperus iria in response to rice planting density and nitrogen rate. Crop Protection, 74, 92-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.04.010
[5]. Azmi, M. and Baki, B. B. (1995). The succession of noxious weeds in tropical Asian rice fields with emphasis on Malaysia rice ecosystem. Proceedings of the 15th Asian Pacific weed science society conference, pp. 51-67, Tsukuba, Japan.
[6]. Baker H. G. (1974). The evolution of weeds. Journal of annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 1974, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.05.110174.000245
[7]. BBS (2021). Yearbook of Agricultural Statistics-2021. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Statistical Division, Ministry of Planning, Govt. Peoples Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka.
[8]. Begum, M., Juraimi, A. S., Man, A., Rastan, S. O. S. and Amartalingam, R. (2008). Weed flora of different farm blocks in Block-1 of Muda rice granary in Peninsular Malaysia, Journal of Bioscience, 19(1), 33-43.
[9]. BRRI, Bangladesh Rice research Institute. (2008). Annual report for 2007. Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
[10]. Chancellor, R. J. and Froud-Williams, R. J. (1984). A second survey of cereal weeds in Central Southern England. Weed Research, 24, 29-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1984.tb00568.x
[11]. Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. (2010). The role of seed ecology in improving weed management strategies in the tropics. Advance Agronomy, 105, 221–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(10)05006-6
[12]. Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. (2011). Ecological studies on Echinochloa crussgali and the implications for weed management in direct-seeded rice. Crop Protection, 30, 1385- 1391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2011.07.013
[13]. Dass, A., Shekhawat, K., Choudhary, A. K., Sepat, S., Rathore, S. S., Mahajan, G. and Chauhan, B. S. (2016). Weed management in rice using crop competition. Crop Protection, 95, 45-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2016.08.005
[14]. Duke, J. A. (1983). Handbook of Energy Crops. (1st ed.). Centre for New Crops and Plant Products, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
[15]. El-Sheikh M. A. (2013). Weed vegetation ecology of arable land in Salalah, Southern Oman. Saudi Journal Biological Science, 20, 291–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2013.03.001
[16]. Ghersa, C. M., Christou, P., Savin, R., Costa-Pierce, B. A., Misztal, I. and Whitelaw C. B. A. (Eds.) (2013). “Agroecological basis for managing biotic constraints,” in Sustainable Food Production. New York, NY: Springer, 18–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_196
[17]. Golmohammadi, M. J., Mohammaddoust Chamanabad, H. R., Yaghoubi, B. and Oveisi, M. (2018). Rice weed community composition and richness in northern Iran: A temperate rainy area. Journal of Applied Ecology, 16(4), 4605-4616. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1604_46054617
[18]. Hakim, M. A., Juraimi, A. S., Ismail, Hanafi M. R. and Selamat M. M. A. (2010). Distribution of weed population in the coastal rice growing area of Kehah in Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Agronomy, 9(1), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.3923/ja.2010.9.16
[19]. Hakim, M. A., Juraimi, A. S., Ismail, M. R., Hanafi, M. M. and Selamat, A. (2013). A survey on weed diversity in Coastal rice fields of Sebarang Perak in Peninsular Malaysia. Journal Animal Plant Science, 23, 534-542.
[20]. Ho, (1998). The rice agro-ecosystem of the Muda irrigation scheme: An overview, in Nashriah et al. (Eds). Rice agro-ecosystem of the Muda irrigation scheme, Malaysia. pp. 1-24. Bangi Malaysia: Malaysian Institute of nuclear technology research (MINT) and MADA.
[21]. Holm, L. G., Plucknett, D. L., Pancho, J. V. and Herberger, J. P. (1977). The world’s worst weeds. University Press of Hawaii, Honolulu. p. 609.
[22]. Jabran, K. and Chauhan, B. S. (2015). Weed management in aerobic rice systems. Crop Protection, 78, 151-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.09.005
[23]. Kandibane, M., Raguraman, S. and Mahadevan, N. R. (2007). Diversity and community structure of aquatic arthropods in an irrigated rice ecosystem of Tamil Nadu, India. Asian Journal Plant Science, 6, 741-748. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2007.741.748
[24]. Karim, S. M. R., Azmi, B. M. and Ismail, B. S. (2004). Weed problems and their management in rice fields of Malaysia: An overview. Weed Biology and Management, 4, 177–186. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-6664.2004.00136.x
[25]. Korres, N. E., Varanasi V. K., Gitsopoulos T. K. and Bararpour M. T. (2017). Climate Change Effects on Rice, Weeds and Weed Management. In: Weed Management in Rice in the Asian-Pacific Region, Rao, A.N. and H. Matsumoto (Eds.). Asian Pacific Weed Science Society, India, pp., 42-72
[26]. Kraehmer, H., Jabran, K., Mennan, H. and Chauhan, B. S. (2016). Global distribution of rice weeds. Crop Protection, 80, 73-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.10.027
[27]. Lal, B., Gautam, P. and Raja, R. (2014). Weed community composition after 43 years of long-term fertilization in tropical rice-rice system. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environmental, 197, 301-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.014
[28]. Lass, L. W. and Callhan, R. H. (1993). GPS and GIS for weed survey and management. Weed Technology, 7(1), 249-254. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0890037X00037222
[29]. Matloob, A., Khaliq, A., Tanveer, A., Hussain, S. and Aslam, F. (2015). Weed dynamics as influenced by tillage system, sowing time and weed competition duration in dry-seeded rice. Crop Protection, 71, 25-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.01.009
[30]. Mohammaddoust-Chamanabad, H. R. (2011). Introduction to scientific and practical principle of weed control. Ardabil, IR: The Ardabil University Jihad Publications.
[31]. Moody, K. (1982). The status of weed control in rice in Asia. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin, 30, 119-123.
[32]. Oerke, E. C. (2006). Crop losses to pests: centenary review. Journal of Agricultural Science, 144, 31–43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859605005708
[33]. Poggio, S. L., Sattorre, E. H. and Fuente, E. B. (2004). Structure of weed communities occurring in Pea and Wheat crops in the rolling pampa (Argentina). Agriculture Ecosystem Environmental, 103, 225-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2003.09.015
[34]. Rao, A. N. and Moody, K. (1988). Weed control in rice seedling nurseries. Crop Protection 7, 202–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-2194(88)90071-3
[35]. Rao, A. N., Johnson D. E., Sivaprasad B., Ladha J. K. and Mortimer, A. M. (2007). Weed management in direct-seeded rice. Advance Agronomy, 93, 153-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(06)93004-1
[36]. Thomas, A. G. (1985). Weed survey system used in Saskatchewan for cereal and oilseed crops. Weed Science, 33, 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043174500083892
[37]. Thomas, A. G. and Wise R. F. (1987). Weed survey of Saskatchewan for cereal and oilseed crops. Weed surveys series. Pub.87-1. Agri. Can. Regina, Saskatchewan. pp. 251.
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