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RESEARCH ARTICLE: 
Factors affecting contraceptive use among married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh

 Gulam Muhammed Al Kibria (1), Shakir Hossen (2), Rifath Ara Alam Barsha (2), Atia Sharmeen (3), Sujit Kumar Paul (4) and S. M. Iftekhar Uddin (1) 
1 Dept. of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD-21205, USA
2 ProjAHNMo- Johns Hopkins University-Bangladesh, Dept. of Paediatrics, Sylhet M. A.  G. Osmani Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh
3 Shimantik, Sylhet, Bangladesh
4 National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, ProjAHNMo- Johns Hopkins University, Bangladesh, Dept. of Paediatrics, Sylhet M. A. G. Osmani Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh

​J. Mole. Stud. Medici. Res. Volume 02, Issue 01, pp. 70-79 | Available online: 14 November 2016
DOI: 10.18801/jmsmr.020116.09

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Title: Factors affecting contraceptive use among married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh
Abstract:
Background: Contraceptive prevalence rate is low in Bangladesh. It needs to increase contraceptive prevalence rate in order to achieve the health related targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by reducing pregnancy and pregnancy related outcomes. Aim of this study is to observe the factors which affect contraceptive use among Bangladeshi women. The hypothesis is that contextual factors along with individual and fertility related factors contribute to the use of contraceptives.
Materials and Methods: Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) of 2014 is the seventh DHS undertaken from June to December, 2014. 18,245 ever-married women were identified and 17,863 were interviewed. Finally, 12,042 women were eligible for analysis after excluding pregnant women, women who were not married, with hysterectomy, postpartum amenorrheic, infertile or subfecund and sexually inactive. Main outcome measure was current use of contraception by married non-pregnant women.  
Results: Contraceptive prevalence rate was 81.27%. Logistic regression was applied to calculate odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) and P value. Contraceptive use was affected by contextual factors along with individual and fertility related factors. Visits by a family planning worker (FPW) within the previous six months had the biggest impact on contraceptive use (the adjusted OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.61-2.64; p<0.001). Education level (adjusted OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.10-2.37; p<0.05 in the group with higher education) and number of children who are alive were also positively associated with contraceptive use (p<0.001). Contraceptive use was lower among Muslims (adjusted OR, non-Muslims vs. Muslims, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.27-2.22; p<0.001),  desire for a son (adjusted OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.59-0.79; p<0.001), living in rural area (adjusted OR of rural vs. urban, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.59-0.84; p<0.001) and Sylhet Division  (adjusted OR of Sylhet vs. Barisal, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.40-0.71; p<0.001). 
Conclusion: Providing service through FPW, increasing the education level of women, intervention in rural areas and in Sylhet division, targeting Muslim population and women with higher age could increase the use of contraceptives among Bangladeshi women.
Key Words: Contraceptive, Married-women and Bangladesh ​

APA (American Psychological Association)
Kibria, G. M. A., Hossen, S., Barsha, R. A. A., Sharmeen, A., Paul, S. K. & Uddin, S. M. I.  (2016). Factors affecting contraceptive use among married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh. Journal of Molecular Studies and Medicine Research, 02(01), 70-79.

MLA (Modern Language Association) 
Kibria, G. M. A., Hossen, S., Barsha, R. A. A., Sharmeen, A., Paul, S. K. & Uddin, S. M. I. ''Factors affecting contraceptive use among married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh''. Journal of Molecular Studies and Medicine Research, 02.01.(2016), 70-79.
​
Chicago/Turabian
Kibria, G. M. A., Hossen, S., Barsha, R. A. A., Sharmeen, A., Paul, S. K. & Uddin, S. M. I. ''Factors affecting contraceptive use among married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh''. Journal of Molecular Studies and Medicine Research, 02, no. 01.(2016), 70-79.

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