Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science
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Volume 02 - Issue 01 | Year of Publication: 2021
Article Type: Review Article | No. 06, 2021 | Country: Bangladesh | pp. 45-56 | Open Access
Title: Black soldier fly larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh
Authors: Tumpa, T. A., Salam, M. A. and Rana, K. M. S.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/jflvs.020121.06 (awaiting activation)
Title: Black soldier fly larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh
Authors: Tumpa, T. A., Salam, M. A. and Rana, K. M. S.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/jflvs.020121.06 (awaiting activation)
Black soldier fly larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh
Abstract
Overexploitation pressure on natural resources increases gradually to meet the protein demand for aquaculture, livestock, and pet animal feed production. To minimize the pressure sustainably, live feed, i.e., insects and their larvae, could be the most promising alternative source of protein. The most widely used insect as animal feed is Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) (Hermetia illucens L.), fed on organic waste voraciously while building their body composition of 40-48% protein, 30-38% fat and a range of essential minerals. The higher amount of protein content could be used either as the complete or partial replacement of highly expensive fishmeal, wherein the higher value of fat content of BSFL could be an essential source for biodiesel production. Besides, the BSFL has higher organic waste conversion capability and reduces certain harmful bacteria and insect pests. The insect utilization is, however, hindered by limited information on BSF production strategies. However, the ever-increasing world population has catapulted the demand for animal proteins beyond supply and organic waste generation. This review will shed light on the biological and cultural features of BSFL, its role in eco-friendly waste management and its potential in fish, poultry and livestock feed industries of Bangladesh.
Key Words: Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), Waste management, Animal feed and Future aspect.
Abstract
Overexploitation pressure on natural resources increases gradually to meet the protein demand for aquaculture, livestock, and pet animal feed production. To minimize the pressure sustainably, live feed, i.e., insects and their larvae, could be the most promising alternative source of protein. The most widely used insect as animal feed is Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) (Hermetia illucens L.), fed on organic waste voraciously while building their body composition of 40-48% protein, 30-38% fat and a range of essential minerals. The higher amount of protein content could be used either as the complete or partial replacement of highly expensive fishmeal, wherein the higher value of fat content of BSFL could be an essential source for biodiesel production. Besides, the BSFL has higher organic waste conversion capability and reduces certain harmful bacteria and insect pests. The insect utilization is, however, hindered by limited information on BSF production strategies. However, the ever-increasing world population has catapulted the demand for animal proteins beyond supply and organic waste generation. This review will shed light on the biological and cultural features of BSFL, its role in eco-friendly waste management and its potential in fish, poultry and livestock feed industries of Bangladesh.
Key Words: Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), Waste management, Animal feed and Future aspect.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE?
MLA
Tumpa, et al. “Black Soldier Fly Larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh.” Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(01) (2021): 45-56.
APA
Tumpa, T. A., Salam, M. A. and Rana, K. M. S. (2021). Black Soldier Fly Larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(01), 45-56.
Chicago
Tumpa, T. A., Salam, M. A. and Rana, K. M. S. “Black Soldier Fly Larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh.” Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(01) (2021):45-56.
Harvard
Tumpa, T. A., Salam, M. A. and Rana, K. M. S. 2021. Black Soldier Fly Larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(01), pp. 45-56.
Vancouver
Tumpa, TA, Salam, MA and Rana, KMS. Black Soldier Fly Larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 2021 July 02(01):45-56.
MLA
Tumpa, et al. “Black Soldier Fly Larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh.” Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(01) (2021): 45-56.
APA
Tumpa, T. A., Salam, M. A. and Rana, K. M. S. (2021). Black Soldier Fly Larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(01), 45-56.
Chicago
Tumpa, T. A., Salam, M. A. and Rana, K. M. S. “Black Soldier Fly Larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh.” Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(01) (2021):45-56.
Harvard
Tumpa, T. A., Salam, M. A. and Rana, K. M. S. 2021. Black Soldier Fly Larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(01), pp. 45-56.
Vancouver
Tumpa, TA, Salam, MA and Rana, KMS. Black Soldier Fly Larvae: multidimensional prospects in household waste management, feed, fertilizer and bio-fuel industries of Bangladesh. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 2021 July 02(01):45-56.
Article Type: Review Article | No. 07, 2021 | Country: Bangladesh | pp. 57-67 | Open Access
Title: A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review
Authors: Hasan, M. I., Das, S. K. and Chowdhury, E. H.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/jflvs.020121.07 (awaiting activation)
Title: A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review
Authors: Hasan, M. I., Das, S. K. and Chowdhury, E. H.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/jflvs.020121.07 (awaiting activation)
A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review
Abstract
The hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain is one of the most common stains which is frequently used all over the world for histochemical and histopathological results or observations. Many hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain protocols are used in the laboratories, but sometimes after following the protocol, the slides do not produce a better visualization, which affects the results massively. H&E staining faults can result from any problems in the key steps fixation, processing, embedding, sectioning, and staining. Also, inaccurate timing of staining, not considering the quality and stability of the stain, not following the protocol can cause damage to the slide and ultimately the result. A respectable number of papers, articles and books are reviewed and several practical protocols are analyzed; therefore, this study is done at the Department of Anatomy and Histology & Department of Pathology in Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to determine and produce a better copacetic protocol for H&E stain for precise and actual visualization of slide when viewing in light microscope; which will help to render a better slide and produce an accurate result every time.
Key Words: Histopathological slide, H&E, Stain, Histopathology and Tissue visualization protocol
Abstract
The hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain is one of the most common stains which is frequently used all over the world for histochemical and histopathological results or observations. Many hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain protocols are used in the laboratories, but sometimes after following the protocol, the slides do not produce a better visualization, which affects the results massively. H&E staining faults can result from any problems in the key steps fixation, processing, embedding, sectioning, and staining. Also, inaccurate timing of staining, not considering the quality and stability of the stain, not following the protocol can cause damage to the slide and ultimately the result. A respectable number of papers, articles and books are reviewed and several practical protocols are analyzed; therefore, this study is done at the Department of Anatomy and Histology & Department of Pathology in Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to determine and produce a better copacetic protocol for H&E stain for precise and actual visualization of slide when viewing in light microscope; which will help to render a better slide and produce an accurate result every time.
Key Words: Histopathological slide, H&E, Stain, Histopathology and Tissue visualization protocol
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE?
MLA
Hasan, M. I. “A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2021): 57-67.
APA
Hasan, M. I., Das, S. K. and Chowdhury, E. H. (2021). A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), 57-67.
Chicago
Hasan, M. I., Das, S. K. and Chowdhury, E. H. A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 02(02) (2021): 57-67.
Harvard
Hasan, M. I., Das, S. K. and Chowdhury, E. H. 2021. A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), pp. 57-67.
Vancouver
Hasan MI, Das, SK and Chowdhury, EH. A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 2021 December 02(02):57-67.
MLA
Hasan, M. I. “A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2021): 57-67.
APA
Hasan, M. I., Das, S. K. and Chowdhury, E. H. (2021). A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), 57-67.
Chicago
Hasan, M. I., Das, S. K. and Chowdhury, E. H. A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 02(02) (2021): 57-67.
Harvard
Hasan, M. I., Das, S. K. and Chowdhury, E. H. 2021. A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), pp. 57-67.
Vancouver
Hasan MI, Das, SK and Chowdhury, EH. A better and copacetic protocol for histopathological slide preparation using H&E stain: A review. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 2021 December 02(02):57-67.
Volume 02 - Issue 02 | Year of Publication: 2022
Article Type: Research Article | No. 08, 2022 | Country: Nigeria | pp. 68-75 | Open Access
Title: Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens
Authors: Nweke-Okorocha, O. G., Chineke, C. A. and Agaviezor, B. O.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/jflvs.020222.08 (awaiting activation)
Title: Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens
Authors: Nweke-Okorocha, O. G., Chineke, C. A. and Agaviezor, B. O.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/jflvs.020222.08 (awaiting activation)
Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens
Abstract
Two hundred and forty (240) indigenous day-old chickens comprising of frizzle feathered (60), naked neck (60), normal feathered (60) and Noiler (60) were used to carry out this study to determine the association between coat colour and performance of local chickens raised in South-South Nigeria. Data generated from linear body measurements of four chicken genotypes used were subjected to SAS 9.2 (Version 8). The effect of the coat colour on body weight and linear body measurement from 4 to 16 weeks of age for the four genotypes of chickens were significant (p<0.05) for all parameters measured though the brown feather chickens recorded higher least squares means for body weight (902.34 ± 57.88g) and all the linear body parameters measured. The black feather chickens had the lowest least squares mean for all the parameters. The effects of coat/feather colour and sex on body weight and linear body measurements revealed that the male and female brown chickens had highest value for body weight and all the linear body parameters, with the male chickens having the highest least squares means. This study revealed significant effects of coat/feather colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens.
Key Words: Coat/feather colour, Performance, Indigenous and Strains.
Abstract
Two hundred and forty (240) indigenous day-old chickens comprising of frizzle feathered (60), naked neck (60), normal feathered (60) and Noiler (60) were used to carry out this study to determine the association between coat colour and performance of local chickens raised in South-South Nigeria. Data generated from linear body measurements of four chicken genotypes used were subjected to SAS 9.2 (Version 8). The effect of the coat colour on body weight and linear body measurement from 4 to 16 weeks of age for the four genotypes of chickens were significant (p<0.05) for all parameters measured though the brown feather chickens recorded higher least squares means for body weight (902.34 ± 57.88g) and all the linear body parameters measured. The black feather chickens had the lowest least squares mean for all the parameters. The effects of coat/feather colour and sex on body weight and linear body measurements revealed that the male and female brown chickens had highest value for body weight and all the linear body parameters, with the male chickens having the highest least squares means. This study revealed significant effects of coat/feather colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens.
Key Words: Coat/feather colour, Performance, Indigenous and Strains.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE?
MLA
Nweke-Okorocha, O. G. et al. “Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens”.Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022): 68-75.
APA
Nweke-Okorocha, O. G., Chineke, C. A. & Agaviezor, B. O. (2022). Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), 68-75.
Chicago
Nweke-Okorocha, O. G., Chineke, C. A. and Agaviezor, B. O. “Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022):68-75.
Harvard
Nweke-Okorocha, O. G., Chineke, C. A. and Agaviezor, B. O. 2022. Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), pp. 68-75.
Vancouver
Nweke-Okorocha, OG, Chineke, CA and Agaviezor, BO. Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 2022 March 02(02):68-75.
MLA
Nweke-Okorocha, O. G. et al. “Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens”.Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022): 68-75.
APA
Nweke-Okorocha, O. G., Chineke, C. A. & Agaviezor, B. O. (2022). Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), 68-75.
Chicago
Nweke-Okorocha, O. G., Chineke, C. A. and Agaviezor, B. O. “Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022):68-75.
Harvard
Nweke-Okorocha, O. G., Chineke, C. A. and Agaviezor, B. O. 2022. Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), pp. 68-75.
Vancouver
Nweke-Okorocha, OG, Chineke, CA and Agaviezor, BO. Influence of coat colour, sex and age on growth traits of Nigerian local and improved chickens. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 2022 March 02(02):68-75.
Article Type: Review Article | No. 09, 2022 | Country: Bangladesh | pp. 76-87 | Open Access
Title: Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics
Authors: Islam, P., Biswas, S. K., Hasan, M. R., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Das, S. K.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/jflvs.020222.09 (awaiting activation)
Title: Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics
Authors: Islam, P., Biswas, S. K., Hasan, M. R., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Das, S. K.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/jflvs.020222.09 (awaiting activation)
Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics
Abstract
This study reviewed and compiled data over the last decade on the amounts of several antibiotic residues in poultry feed. The usage of antibiotics was evident in chicken growth and production. This review focused on poultry feed samples worldwide that were treated with several types of antibiotics, e.g., Aminoglycosides, β-Lactams, Lincosamides, Macrolides, Polypeptides, Quinolones, Tetracycline’s and Ionophores. They exceeded the FAO/WHO permissible limits in poultry in many cases. A considerable portion of antibiotics was released from poultry feed treated with these antibiotics. The detection methods used for these antibiotics were. TLC (thin-layer chromatography), Nouws Antibiotic Test (NAT), ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), PREMI®TEST, Mass spectrometry, Gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography in conjunction with various detectors. This paper also indicated that a suitable antibiotic withdrawal time was not followed for using antibiotics. Furthermore, the consequences of these antibiotics on the environment and public health were also highlighted here. Finally, this paper proposes several recommendations in this context.
Key Words: Poultry feed, antibiotic residue, detection methods, MRL and Health hazards.
Abstract
This study reviewed and compiled data over the last decade on the amounts of several antibiotic residues in poultry feed. The usage of antibiotics was evident in chicken growth and production. This review focused on poultry feed samples worldwide that were treated with several types of antibiotics, e.g., Aminoglycosides, β-Lactams, Lincosamides, Macrolides, Polypeptides, Quinolones, Tetracycline’s and Ionophores. They exceeded the FAO/WHO permissible limits in poultry in many cases. A considerable portion of antibiotics was released from poultry feed treated with these antibiotics. The detection methods used for these antibiotics were. TLC (thin-layer chromatography), Nouws Antibiotic Test (NAT), ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), PREMI®TEST, Mass spectrometry, Gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography in conjunction with various detectors. This paper also indicated that a suitable antibiotic withdrawal time was not followed for using antibiotics. Furthermore, the consequences of these antibiotics on the environment and public health were also highlighted here. Finally, this paper proposes several recommendations in this context.
Key Words: Poultry feed, antibiotic residue, detection methods, MRL and Health hazards.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE?
MLA
Islam, P. ”Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022): 76-87.
APA
Islam, P., Biswas, S. K., Hasan, M. R., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Das, S. K. (2022). Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), 76-87.
Chicago
Islam, P., Biswas, S. K., Hasan, M. R., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Das, S. K. “Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022):76-87.
Harvard
Islam, P., Biswas, S. K., Hasan, M. R., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Das, S. K. 2022. Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), pp. 76-87.
Vancouver
Islam, P, Biswas, SK, Hasan, MR, Hossain, MI, Islam, A and Das, SK. Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 2022 May 02(02):76-87.
MLA
Islam, P. ”Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022): 76-87.
APA
Islam, P., Biswas, S. K., Hasan, M. R., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Das, S. K. (2022). Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), 76-87.
Chicago
Islam, P., Biswas, S. K., Hasan, M. R., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Das, S. K. “Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022):76-87.
Harvard
Islam, P., Biswas, S. K., Hasan, M. R., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Das, S. K. 2022. Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), pp. 76-87.
Vancouver
Islam, P, Biswas, SK, Hasan, MR, Hossain, MI, Islam, A and Das, SK. Poultry feed: a probe for antibiotics. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 2022 May 02(02):76-87.
Article Type: Review Article | No. 10, 2022 | Country: Bangladesh | pp. 88-100 | Open Access
Title: Stress biomarker: A review on glucocorticoids concentration pattern & its impact on captive animals
Authors: Islam, P., Saha, P., Khatun, P., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Sachi, S.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/jflvs.020222.10 (awaiting activation)
Title: Stress biomarker: A review on glucocorticoids concentration pattern & its impact on captive animals
Authors: Islam, P., Saha, P., Khatun, P., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Sachi, S.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18801/jflvs.020222.10 (awaiting activation)
Stress biomarker: A review on glucocorticoids concentration pattern & its impact on captive animals
Abstract
As a stress biomarker, glucocorticoids (GCs) concentration in wild animals shows how well a species copes with confinement. In captivity, the animal may suffer from many health problems such as weight loss, irreversible glucocorticoid changes, immune system abnormalities, and reproductive suppression. The review mainly focuses on the effect of transferring wild-caught animals to captivity on stress-related physiological systems such as weight changes, glucocorticoid modulation, adrenomedullary control, and effects on immune and reproductive systems. The GCs concentration pattern on species-wise variation is recorded, and the detection technique and alleviation process is also discussed.
Key Words: Captivity, Stress, Glucocorticoids, Impacts, Detection technique and Alleviation.
Abstract
As a stress biomarker, glucocorticoids (GCs) concentration in wild animals shows how well a species copes with confinement. In captivity, the animal may suffer from many health problems such as weight loss, irreversible glucocorticoid changes, immune system abnormalities, and reproductive suppression. The review mainly focuses on the effect of transferring wild-caught animals to captivity on stress-related physiological systems such as weight changes, glucocorticoid modulation, adrenomedullary control, and effects on immune and reproductive systems. The GCs concentration pattern on species-wise variation is recorded, and the detection technique and alleviation process is also discussed.
Key Words: Captivity, Stress, Glucocorticoids, Impacts, Detection technique and Alleviation.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE?
MLA
Islam, P. et al. “Stress Biomarker: A Review on Glucocorticoids Concentration Pattern & its Impact on Captive Animals”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022): 88-100.
APA
Islam, P., Saha, P., Khatun, P., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Sachi, S. (2022). Stress Biomarker: A Review on Glucocorticoids Concentration Pattern & its Impact on Captive Animals. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), 88-100.
Chicago
Islam, P., Saha, P., Khatun, P., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Sachi, S. “Stress Biomarker: A Review on Glucocorticoids Concentration Pattern & its Impact on Captive Animals”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022): 88-100.
Harvard
Islam, P., Saha, P., Khatun, P., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Sachi, S. 2022. Stress Biomarker: A Review on Glucocorticoids Concentration Pattern & its Impact on Captive Animals. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), pp. 88-100.
Vancouver
Islam, P, Saha, P, Khatun, P, Hossain, MI, Islam, A and Sachi, S. Stress Biomarker: A Review on Glucocorticoids Concentration Pattern & its Impact on Captive Animals. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 2022 August 02(02):88-100.
MLA
Islam, P. et al. “Stress Biomarker: A Review on Glucocorticoids Concentration Pattern & its Impact on Captive Animals”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022): 88-100.
APA
Islam, P., Saha, P., Khatun, P., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Sachi, S. (2022). Stress Biomarker: A Review on Glucocorticoids Concentration Pattern & its Impact on Captive Animals. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), 88-100.
Chicago
Islam, P., Saha, P., Khatun, P., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Sachi, S. “Stress Biomarker: A Review on Glucocorticoids Concentration Pattern & its Impact on Captive Animals”. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science 02(02) (2022): 88-100.
Harvard
Islam, P., Saha, P., Khatun, P., Hossain, M. I., Islam, A. and Sachi, S. 2022. Stress Biomarker: A Review on Glucocorticoids Concentration Pattern & its Impact on Captive Animals. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science, 02(02), pp. 88-100.
Vancouver
Islam, P, Saha, P, Khatun, P, Hossain, MI, Islam, A and Sachi, S. Stress Biomarker: A Review on Glucocorticoids Concentration Pattern & its Impact on Captive Animals. Journal of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Science. 2022 August 02(02):88-100.